In
1936-37, Copland gave a series of lectures on the basics
of music at the New School in New York City. The lectures turned into
a book, What to Listen for in Music.
There is nothing in the book that is adventurous, unorthodox, or "brilliant."
All the same, it has been translated into at least six languages; it
has never gone out of print and at this point it never will. The moral
may be that there is a public hunger for basic music training, provided
it comes from an accomplished and esteemed composer. (Calling Mr. Glass!)
The
young Copland worked indefatigably with other composers to
advocate the cause of contemporary music-organizing concerts, publishing
articles, serving on committees and organizations. His closest collaborators
were Roger Sessions, Walter Piston, Roy Harris, and Virgil Thomson - Thomson
called this group Copland's "commando unit."
Copland
was an enthusiastic traveler, especially to Mexico, which
seems to have had an importance for him that went far beyond the recurrent
Mexican and Latin-American strain in his music:
"As soon as we crossed the border I regretted leaving Mexico with
a sharp pang. It took me three years in France to get as close a feeling
to the country as I was able to get in three months in Mexico."
Copland's love of travel and sense of tact made him a perfect choice
to represent American music abroad - something the State Department
invited him to do more than once. Ironically, some of these trips came
during the McCarthy years when another arm of the government was decrying
Copland for being "unpatriotic."
Copland
took up conducting in later life, and it became a virtual
second career for him. Why? Copland like to cite the advice of Minna
Lederman, who told him, "Aaron, it is very important, as you get
older, to engage in an activity that you didn't engage in when you were
young, so that you are not continually in competition with yourself
as a young man."
In
1938, Copland was one of the founders of the Arrow Press,
a music publishing company devoted to contemporary music. Among the
composers published by the Arrow Press would be Charles Ives, Henry
Cowell, Roger Sessions, Elliott Carter, and Copland himself.
If you watched public TV ("educational TV") in
the 60s, you got to see Copland as a TV host. He hosted, wrote,and conducted
the music for a series called Music in the 20s, introducing television
viewers to composers like Weill, Stravinsky, and Hindemith.
Copland
often appeared as conductor in his later years, but he also
made some outings as a pianist.
In
1959 he made up part of the all-star cast in a recording
of Les Noces (The Wedding) by Stravinsky, one of the composers
who influenced Copland the most. The "orchestra" in Les
Noces consists of percussion plus a quartet of pianos, played in
this recording by Copland, Roger Sessions, Lukas Foss and Samuel Barber,
with Stravinsky conducting.
Copland
was a tireless talent-spotter and career-guider even when
he wasn't working officially as a teacher. For example, he was one of
the first to spot the young Conlon Nancarrow, on the basis of noticing
two short piano pieces of his. (Nancarrow chose to work outside the
musical mainstream - living in Mexico and composing for an ensemble
of player pianos - and had to wait decades for recognition after Copland's
initial words of praise.)
For
more than two decades, Copland taught composition at Tanglewood,
with students such as Ned Rorem, Alberto Ginastera, Thea Musgrave, and
David Del Tredici.
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